Polyfunctional quaternary amidoximidinium salts

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to polyfunctional quaternary amidoximidinium salts. These salts are precursors to polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides and, as such, are useful in the modification of ethylenically unsaturated polymers. Representative of these salts is terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride).

United States Patent Breslow Oct. 7, 1975 POLYFUNCTIONAL QUATERNARY [56] References Cited AMIDOXlMlDlNlUM SALTS UNITED STATES PATENTS lnvenlori David Breslflw, g "v 3,390,204 6/1968 Brcslow 260/837 [73] Assignee: Hercules Incorporated, Wilmington,

D L Primary Examiner-G, Thomas Todd Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Mari0n C. Staves; John W. [22] Flled 1974 Whitson; Edwin H. Dafter, Jr. [21] Appl. N0.: 437,548

Related US. Application Data ABSTRACT Division Of 5 M y 1972- The invention relates to polyfunctional quaternary arnidoximidinium salts. These salts are precursors to 2 /2 -53; 2 /246 B; 260/293.63; polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides and, as such, are useful 26O/326-85 in the modification of ethylenically unsaturated poly- [5 ll 11- Cl- C071) 453/02 mers. Representative of these salts is terephthalo-hisb [58] Field Of Search 260/246 B, 293.53, 293.63, hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride) 3 Claims, N0 Drawings POLYFUNCTIONAL QUATERNARY AMIDOXIMIDINIUM SALTS This is a division of application Serial No. 250,504, filed May 5, 1972.

This invention relates to a new class of compounds which are polyfunctional nitrile N-oxide precursors. More particularly, this invention relates to polyfunctional quaternary amidoximidinium salts. The salts are useful as modifying agents in the modification of ethylenically unsaturated polymers.

Polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides and their polyfunctional hydroximoyl halide precursors are known. Reference may be made to U.S. Pat. No. 3,390,204 to Breslow. The nitrile N-oxides may be generated from the hydroximoyl halides either by the application of heat or by treatment with a stoichiometric amount of base. However, generation by the application of heat involves thermal decomposition of the hydroximoyl halide to the nitrile N-oxide and hydrogen halide, which is acidic and which can therefore have an undesirable effect on some polymeric materials, such as cellulose derivatives. In generating the nitrile N-oxide by means of a base, the base acts to remove hydrogen halide from the hydroximoyl halide precursor, but some basic ma terials also can have a degrading action on polymers containing functional groups such as ester groups.

Furthermore, since stoichiometric amounts of base are required to generate the nitrile N-oxides from their polyfunctional hydroximoyl halide precursors, the latter can not be effectively used in the cross-linking of unsaturated polymers in applications wherein only a small amount of base will be present at any one time. For example, in a graphic arts system, the base needed to form the polyfunctional nitrile N-oxide must be photochemically generated. Thus, the amount of base that is formed is limited by the light intensity. Another limitation to the polyfunctional nitrile N-oxide precursors previously known is that they generally are not water soluble and therefore cannot be effectively used in aqueous systems.

Now in accordance with this invention, there has been discovered a new class of polyfunctional nitrile N-oxide precursors which have high thermal stability and which can be converted into the corresponding polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides by contact with only catalytic amounts, rather than stoichiometric amounts, of basic materials. Furthermore, many of these precursors are water-soluble and, accordingly, are useful in aqueous systems. The polyfunctional compounds in accordance with this invention have the formula NOH NOH wherein R is an organic radical having a valence greater than I,

0 ll II b is zero or 1, NR'R"R corresponds to a tertiary organic amine having a dissociation constant greater than l X as determined at C., Z is chloride, bromide or iodide, 11 and m are l to 3, c and d are zero or 1, with c being 1 when d is zero, and with d being 1 when c is zero, and X is the anion of an acid having a dissociation constant greater than 1.0 X 10 as determined at 25C., the number of X's being equal to the number of NR'R"R' s when X is monovalent and being equal to one-half the number of NR'R"R' s when X is divalent. Representative of X are the chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, perchlorate, sulfate, trifluoroacetate, tosylate, methanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, benzenedisulfonate and methosulfate anions.

Generally, R will be selected from the group consisting of the hydrocarbon, halide substituted hydrocar bon, hydrocarbonoxy-hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon-thiehydrocarbon and hydrocarbonsulfonyl-hydrocarbon polyvalent radicals. In preferred embodiments of this invention R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkylene radicals such as, for example, ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene, dodecamethylene and octadecamethylene; arylene radicals such as o-, mand p-phenylene, halogenated 0-, mand p-phenylene, biphenylene and naphthylene; cycloalkylene radicals such as cyclohexylene, cyclopentylene, cyclooctylene and cyclobutylene; arylene-dialkylene radicals such as o-, mand pxylylene and o-, 111-, and p-phenylenediethylene; alkylene-diarylene radicals such as methylene-bis(o-, mand p-phenylene) and ethylene-bis( o-, mand p-phenylene); cycloalkylenedialkylene radicals such as l,2-, 1,3- and l,4-cyclohexane-dimethylene and l,2- and l,3-cyclopentane-dimethylene; alkyleneoxy-alkylene radicals such as ethyleneoxyethylene; arylene-oxyarylene radicals such as phenyleneoxyphenylene; alkarylene-oxyalkarylene radicals such as methylenephenyleneoxyphenylenemethylene; and the corresponding thio and sulfonyl radicals such as ethylenethioethylene, phenylenethiophenylene, phenylenemethylenethiomethylenephenylene, butylenesulfonylbutylene.

The compounds of this invention may be prepared by reaction of polyfunctional hydroximoyl halides of the formula NOH NOH with tertiary amines of the formula NR'R"R'. In these formulae, the designations are the same as in the formula given earlier for the compounds of this invention. The reaction generally is carried out at room temperature and in the presence of a solvent. The tertiary amine will have a dissociation constant greater than 1 X 10" as determined at 25C., since if the amine is not sufficiently basic the quaternary amidoximidinium salt will not be formed. The tertiary amine ordinarily will be used in an amount sufficient to displace all of the halogen, Z, in the hydroximoyl halide reactant. However, complete displacement depends upon the solvent used. In a solvent such as methanol, all of the halogen is displaced, but in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran a product still containing halogen is obtained due to its insolubility in tetrahydrofuran. This product precipitates out of the reaction mixture, thus removing itself from further reaction with the tertiary amine.

The compounds of this invention may also be prepared from polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides of the formula in cases where the nitrile N-oxides are sufficiently stable. Treatment of the polyfunctional nitrile N-oxide with tertiary amines of the formula NR'R"R"' followed by treatment with HX or H X produces the compounds of this invention. in these formulae, the designations are the same as in the formula given earlier for the compounds of this invention. The reaction generally is carried out at room temperature and in the presence of a solvent. In the case of nitrile N-oxides not possessing suitable stability at room temperature, it is desirable to use lower temperatures for the reaction.

The compounds of this invention, where b is i, may also be prepared from polyfunctional ammonium salts of the formula [(Z),(R"'R"RN),,C- H,A-]-,,R-{-ACH NR'R"R"'],,,X where the designations are as before. Treatment of these salts with nitrosating agents such as isopropyl nitrite, n-amyl nitrite or sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid in a suitable solvent gives the desired products.

The tertiary amines used in preparing the compounds of this invention will contain at least three carbon atoms and may contain up to a total of forty carbon atoms. In these tertiary amines R, R" and R' may be monovalent hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon groups, and these may be alkyl radicals, preferably containing one to twenty carbon atoms, such as, for example. methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, n-dodecyl and octadecyl; or cycloalkyl radicals such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl and cyclododecyl. One, but only one, of R', R" and R' may be a substituent containing an aromatic ring or a related ring such as furyl. The aromatic substituents may be aryl radicals, preferably having I to 3 rings, such as phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl and anthryl; substituted aryl radicals, wherein the substituent may be halogen, alkoxy, nitro, cyano carboalkoxy, such as in the chlorophenyl, methoxyphenyl, nitrophenyl and cyanophenyl radicals; alkaryl radicals, preferably having l or more alkyl groups containing l to carbon atoms and having 1 to 3 rings in the aryl groups, such as, for example, tolyl and octadecylnaphthyl; and similar aralkyl radicals such as benzyl and naphthylhexamethylene. Specific examples of suitable tertiary organic amines are trimethylamine, triethylamine, tri-npropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, N-ethyl-N-methylaniline, benzyldibutylamine, N-benzyl-N-butylaniline, N,N-diethyl-N-(2-furyl)amine and N-( 2-ethoxyethyl)-N-propyl-4-methoxyaniline.

Any two of the R substituents in the tertiary organic amine may be combined in the form of a cyclic structure such as that existing in pyrrolidine, piperidine and morpholine. Representative tertiary amines containing these structures are N-phenylpyrrolidine, N-butylpiperidine, and N-benzylmorpholine. Additionally, all three of the R substituents may be combined in a cyclic structure such as that existing in quinuclidine and 3- hydroxyquinuclidine. All three of the R substituents in the tertiary organic amine also may be combined to provide a heteroaromatic system. Representative of this type of tertiary amine are pyridine, substituted pyridines, such as 2,6-lutidine, Z-methylpyridine, 3- methylpyridine, 4-methylpyridine, 4-benzylpyridine, 4-methoxypyridine and 3cyanopyridine, as well as benzopyridines and substituted derivatives thereof,

such as quinoline, isoquinoline, Z-methylquinoline, l-

phenylisoquinoline, 4-methoxyquinoline, 5- methylisoquinoline, phenanthradine, acridine, 2- methylacridine and 3-methoxyacridine. These heteroaromatic amines are a preferred class of tertiary amines, since they provide quaternary amidoximidinium salts of this invention which are more stable than those provided by some of the other tertiary organic amines encompassed by the invention.

Representative of the compounds of this invention are the poly(hydroximoyl quaternary ammonium halides) and the polyfunctional carbonyl hydroximoyl quaternary ammonium halides and related salts, such as methylene-bis(glyoxylohydroximoyl pyridinium chloride), ethylene-bis(glyoxylohydroximoyl triisopropylammonium chloride), tetramethylene-bis(glyoxylohydroximoyl 2,6-lutidinium bromide), pentamethylene-bis(glyoxylohydroximoyl dimethylphenylammonium methanesulfonate), l,2,3-propane-tris-(glyoxylohydroximoyl Z-methylpyridinium nitrate), l,2,4- pentane-tris(glyoxylohydroximoyl methyldibenzylammonium bromide), l,4-cyclohexane-bis(glyoxylohydroximoyl 4-benzylpyridinium perchlorate), p-phenylene-bis(acetohydroximoyl benzylidibutylammonium chloride), 2,2'-thiabis(acetohydroximoyl 4-methoxypyridinium) sulfate, 3,3-thiabis(propionohydroximoyl benzylbutylphenylammonium chloride), isophthalo-bis(hydroximoyl 3-cyanopyridinium iodide), terephthalobis(hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride), 4,4- bis(benzohydroximoyl ethylmethylphenylammonium tosylate), 4,4-methylene-bis( benzohydroximoyl quinolinium chloride), 4,4'-oxa-bis(benzohydroximoyl trin-butylammonium trifluoroacetate), 3,3-thia-bis(benzohydroximoyl Z-methylquinolinium chloride), p-phenylene-bis-(glyoxylohydroximoyl isoquinolinium methosulfate), 4,4-bis-(phenylglyoxylohydroximoyl phenanthradinium chloride), 4,4'-methylene-bis(phenylglyoxylohydroximoyl acridinium chloride), and the related quaternary ammonium derivatives of the ethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexylene glycol and resorcinol esters of chloroximinoglyoxylic acid.

As mentioned earlier, the compounds of this invention are precursors to polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides. Due to their comparatively high thermal stability, these precursors are only slowly converted to the corresponding nitrile N-oxides by exposure to elevated temperatures. Therefore, these precursors preferably are converted to the corresponding nitrile N-oxides by the action of an alkaline material which is reactive with HX or H X, where X is the acid anion shown in the structural formula for the compounds of this invention. The alkaline material acts by abstracting HX or H:)( from the precursor compounds of this invention, thus leading to conversion of the precursor compounds to the corresponding nitrile N-oxides. Only a catalytic amount of the added alkaline material is needed to effeet the initial abstraction of HX or "2X. This apparently results in the formation of an intermediate quaternary ammonium compound which is an inner salt. This intermediate then loses tertiary amine, thus providing additional alkaline material which acts to create more nitrile N-oxide.

These reactions may be illustrated by the following equations:

' 2Cl 2 NaOH 2 (catalytic amount) The tertiary amine formed in accordance with the last reaction then enters into the first reaction in place of sodium hydroxide as the alkaline material, and the re actions are repeated over and over with the liberated amine acting as the alkaline material.

Representative alkaline materials are the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkoxides, carbonates and salts of weak carboxylic acids, alkaline earth metal oxides, alkali metal fluorides, ammonia and organic amines. The alkyl group in the alkoxides normally will contain from one to twenty carbon atoms. Similarly, the carboxylic acids used in preparing the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts will contain from one to twenty carbon atoms. The organic amines may be primary, secondary or tertiary and generally will be characterized by a dissociation constant greater than 1.0 X as determined at 25C. The more weakly basic amines, such as pyridine and aniline, are more effective at elevated temperatures, for example, 50 to 95C., whereas the more strongly basic amines, such as triethylamine, are effective at room temperature. The amount of alkaline material used will be at least 0.1% by weight but, more generally will be from about 2 to about 5% by weight, preferably from about 5 to about 25% by weight based on the precursor compounds of this invention.

The polyfunctional nitrile N-oxides derived from the compounds of this invention may be used to effect modification of ethylenically unsaturated polymers. The extent of modification may be either low, resulting in some increase in molecular weight of the polymer, or high, in which case the polymer is crosslinked and, accordingly, insoluble in hydrocarbon solvents. Any polymer containing ethylenic unsaturation wherein there is at least one hydrogen radical attached to at least one of the carbon atoms of the ethylenic double bond can be modified utilizing the compounds of this invention. Among the polymers which can be modified in this manner are polybutadiene-l,2, polybutadienel,4, styrene-butadiene copolymers, isobutyleneisoprene copolymers, natural rubber, polyester resins, such as maleateand fumarate-containing polyesters, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, ethylene-- propylene-dicyclopentadiene terpolymers, polychloroprene, polyisoprene, unsaturated polyurethanes, unsaturated alkyd resins such as tall oil alkyd resins, polyether copolymers and terpolymers containing at least two unsaturated epoxicle constituents such as propylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether copolymers and ethylene oxide epichlorohydrinallyl glycidyl ether terpolymers, unsaturated poly(vinyl alcohol) partial esters, unsaturated poly(vinyl alcohols) such as the allyl ethers of poly(vinyl alcohol), unsaturated cellulose esters and ethers such as allyl modified hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl celluloses, unsaturated poly( acrylamide) copolymers, unsaturated poly(carboxylic acid) esters, unsaturated sulfonic acid polymers and unsaturated poly(vinylpyrrolidone) copolymers, as well as appropriate blends of these polymers with each other. In addition to the olefinically unsaturated polymers, polymers containing acetylenic unsaturation can be used. In some cases it may be desirable to use partially hydrogenated products of the above unsaturated polymers.

The modification reaction is carried out by uniformly mixing the unsaturated polymer with a precursor compound of this invention and then preferably contacting the resulting mixture with an alkaline material. However, modification in the absence of alkaline material can be made to occur slowly by maintaining the admixture of unsaturated polymer and precursor compound at an elevated temperature. The amount of the precursor compound added will depend on the amount of modification desired. While from about 0.01 to about 50% by weight based on the polymer can be used, between about 0.1 and about 35% by weight based on the polymer is preferred. To effect cross-linking of the unsaturated polymer to an insoluble form, the amount of precursor compound normally will be from about 0.5 to about 35%, preferably from about 10 to about 25% by weight based on the polymer. The precursor compound is brought into uniform contact with the unsaturated polymer by blending or admixing the ingredients in any desired fashion. For example, they can be milled together in a conventional rubber mill. Also, the ingredients can be dissolved in a suitable solvent and then admixed with an alkaline material to initiate the modification reaction. Many of the compounds of this invention are particularly suitable for modifying polymers which are water-soluble, since these compounds have suitable solubility in water and also have high thermal stability in aqueous systems.

The rate of modification will depend somewhat on the temperature at which the unsaturated polymer, the precursor compound and the alkaline material are contacted. For any given composition the rate generally will increase with increasing temperatures, and satisfactory temperatures are those from about 20C. to about 150C. Also, as already indicated in connection with use or organic amines as alkaline materials, weakly basic alkaline materials may require more elevated temperatures than strongly basic materials to obtain a desirable rate of modification. The same consideration is applicable with respect to the precursor compounds of this invention. Since the tertiary amine components of these compounds supply the additional alkaline material needed to create more nitrile N-oxide, after the reaction of the precursor compound with the added alkaline material has been initiated, the rate of modification will depend upon the effectiveness of the liberated tertiary amine as an alkaline material. For example, a precursor compound which is a pyridinium salt will give a better rate of modification if the reaction is carried out at a more elevated temperature, for example, 50 to C.

In addition to the fundamental ingredients of the compositions which undergo the modification reaction, other additives can be incorporated. Typical additives are fillers such as carbon black, titanium dioxide, silica, diatomaceous earth and talc; plasticizers such as glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, phthalates, adipates, sebacates, fatty acid esters of pentaerythritol and fatty acid esters dipentaerythritol; stabilizers; adhesive promoters and pigments.

When the modification reaction is one of cross-linking, the cross-linked polymers are hard, tough resins which are substantially insoluble in water and hydrocarbon solvents. They exhibit improved tensile properties over their uncured counterparts. These polymers are useful in various applications such as protective and decorative coatings for various substrates, including wood, metals, paper and plastics, and as ingredients in tubing, pipes and other rubber articles. In the case of aqueous solutions of water-soluble polymers, application of the cross-linking technique results in the formation of stable gels.

The following examples will further illustrate the compounds of this invention and their use in the modification of unsaturated polymers. All parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise noted.

EXAMPLE 1 To a solution of 2.02 parts terephthalo-bis( hydroximoyl chloride) (U.S. Pat. No. 3,390,204) in 198.0 parts of methanol was added 1.63 parts of pyridine. After stirring overnight. the clear solution was evaporated under reduced pressure until a white solid formed. This was collected by filtration. washed with methanol, and dried under vacuum to give 1.58 parts of white solid melting at 220C. with decomposition. The analysis of this material was as follows: Carbon 53.9%; Hydrogen 4.27%; Nitrogen 14.0%; Hydrolyzable Chlorine 17.9%. Calculated for terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride), C H Cl N O Carbon 55.3%; Hydrogen 4.12%; Nitrogen 14.3%; Chlorine 18.1%.

EXAMPLE 2 To a solution of 2.01 parts of terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl chloride) in 158.4 parts of methanol was added 1.97 parts of 2,6-lutidine. After 45 minutes, the solution was evaporated under reduced pressure to give an off-white solid which was washed with methanol. After drying, 0.94 part of material analyzing as follows was obtained: Carbon 58.0%; Hydrogen 5.18%; Nitrogen 12.4%; Hydrolyzable Chlorine 15.8%. Calculated values for terephthalo-bis( hydroximoyl 2,6lutidinium chloride), C H CI N O are: Carbon 59.1%; Hydrogen 5.41%; Nitrogen 12.5%; Chlorine 15.8%.

EXAMPLE 3 To a solution of 142.0 parts of sodium iodide in 950.0 parts of acetone was added 100.0 parts of terephthalobis(hydroximoyl chloride) and the solution refluxed 30 minutes. The solid (NaCl) was separated by filtration and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to give a yellow solid. This was washed several times with hexane. After two recrystallizations from acetonitrile there was obtained 360 parts of yellow solid having a melting point of 157 with decomposition and prior discoloration.

To a solution of 30.0 parts of this terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl iodide) in 2376.0 parts of methanol was added 12.8 parts of pyridine. After stirring one hour, the solution was evaporated under reduced pressure until a yellow solid formed. This was collected by vacuum filtration and washed with methanol to give 30.0 parts of yellow solid. A sample recrystallized from methanol melted at l57l60and analyzed as follows: Carbon 37.2%; Hydrogen 2.88%; lodine 44.5%; Nitrogen 9.43%. The calculated values for terephthalobis( hydroximoyl pyridinium iodide), C H l N O are:

8 Carbon 37.6%: Hydrogen 2.81%; Iodine 44.2%; Nitrogen 9.76%.

EXAMPLE 4 To a solution of 10.0 parts of terephthalo-bis( hydroximoyl chloride) in 88.8 parts of tetrahydrofuran was added 9.8 parts of pyridine. After three days, the mixture was filtered to give 12.9 parts of a water-soluble, off-white solid. The material analyzed as follows: Carbon 50.8%; Hydrogen 3.67%; Chlorine 20.8%; Nitrogen 13.2%. The calculated values for terephthalomono(hydroximoyl chloride)-mono(hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride), c n ci N o are: Carbon 50.0%; Hydrogen 3.55%; Nitrogen 13.5%; Chlorine 22.7%.

EXAMPLE 5 To a solution of 20.0 parts of adipyl-bis(N-hydroxy formimidoyl bromide) (US. Pat. No. 3,390,204) in 2000 parts of tetrahydrofuran was added 6.0 parts of 4-methylpyridine. After standing overnight, the solution was filtered to give an off-white solid which was washed with tetrahydrofuran. The analysis of this material was as follows: Nitrogen 9.54%; Hydrolyzable Bromine 34.7%. The calculated values for adipylmono(N-hydroxy formimidoyl 4methy1pyridinium bromide )-mono( N-hydroxy formimidoyl bromide), C H N O Br are: Nitrogen 9.33%; Bromine 35.4%.

EXAMPLE 6 To a solution of 30.0 parts of the tetramethylene bis(ester) of oxalomonohydroximoyl chloride (US. Pat. No. 3,390,204) in 600.0 parts of ethyl acetate was added 26.0 parts of N,N-dimethylaniline in 100.0 parts of ethyl acetate. The pale solid which formed was isolated by filtration and washed with ethyl acetate. Recrystallization from ethyl acetate gave an off-white solid which analyzed as follows: Nitrogen 10.2%; Hydrolyzable Chlorine 13.4%. The calculated values for the tetramethylene bis(ester) of oxalomonohydroximoyl dimethylphenylammonium chloride, C H N Cl O are: Nitrogen 10.3%; Chlorine EXAMPLE 7 To a solution of 50.0 parts of 4,4-bis(chloroacetyl)- diphenyl ether in 1000.0 parts of ethanol was added 42.0 parts of quinoline. The solution was stirred overnight before adding 3000.0 parts of ether to precipitate an off-white solid. This was recrystallized from ethanolether to give 4,4-0xybis(phenacylquinolinium chloride). On analysis, it was found to contain 12.4% chlorine. Theory for C H N O CI is 12.2% chlorine.

Ten parts of this material was dissolved in 500.0 parts of ethanol and 6.6 parts of isoamyl nitrite added in small increments. The reaction mixture was allowed to stand overnight before adding 1500.0 parts of ether to precipitate a white solid. This was dissolved in ethanol and reprecipitated with ether to give 4.4oxybis(- phenylglyoxylohydroximoyl quinolinium chloride). On analysis, this was found to contain 1 1.3% chlorine and 8.52% nitrogen. Calculated values for C H N O Cl are: Chlorine 11.1%; Nitrogen 8.76%.

EXAMPLE 8 To a solution of 15.0 parts of isophthalo-bis(nitrile Noxide) [Bull Chem. Soc. Japan, 38, 335 (1965) 1 in 500.0 parts of dioxane cooled to C. was added 22.0 parts of l-ethylpiperidine. Addition of 20.0 parts of sulfuric acid (specific gravity 1 .83) in 100.0 parts of dioxane caused the formation of a white precipitate. This was isolated by filtration and dried to give material which analyzed as follows: Nitrogen 12.0%; Sulfur 6.39%. Calculated values for isophthalo-bis(hydroximoyl l-ethylpiperidinium) sulfate, C H N O S, are: Nitrogen 11.6%; Sulfur 6.61%.

EXAMPLE 9 EXAMPLE 10 To a solution of 20.0 parts of terephthalo-bis(nitrile N-oxide) (US. 3,390,204) in 500.0 pans of dioxane was added 33.0 parts of isoquinoline. Addition of 29.0 parts of nitric acid (specific gravity 1.42) in 120.0 parts of dioxane caused the separation of an off-white solid. This was isolated by filtration and recrystallized from ethanol-ether to give material which analyzed as follows: Carbon 56.9%; Hydrogen 3.76%; Nitrogen 15.2%. The calculated values for terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl isoquinolinium nitrate), c,.,H,.,N,o.,, are:

10 pouring into 3168.0 parts of acetone. Seventythree and six-tenths parts of a water-soluble, white solid was collected by filtration. Hydrogen uptake of a sample of the solid was 0.1 1%.

EXAMPLE 12 To a solution of 15.0 parts of terephthalo-bis( hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride) prepared as in Example 1 and 100.0 parts of polymer prepared as in Example I l in 1000.0 parts of water was added 6.94 parts of'pyridine and the yellow solution heated at 90C. Within 2 minutes the solution had gelled.

EXAMPLE 13 Example 12 was repeated substituting 17.0 parts of terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl 2,6-lutidinium chloride) prepared in Example 2 as the modifying agent. Within 4 minutes at 90C. the solution had become a stiff gel.

EXAMPLE 14 Example 12 was repeated using 22.0 parts of terephthalobis(hydroximoyl pyridinium iodide) prepared in Example 3 as the modifying agent. Within 10 minutes at 90C. the solution had set to a stiff gel.

EXAMPLES 15-20 Further repetitions of Example 12 were carried out substituting the quaternary amidoximidinium salts prepared in Examples 5-10, in the amounts shown in Table l, for the terephthalobis(hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride) of Example 12. Also, alkaline materials other than the pyridine of Example 12 were used in most of the present examples. Table 1 summarizes these examples.

TABLE 1 Example Modifying Agent Base Gelled Within 15 Adipyl-mono(N-hydroxy formimidoyl 4-methyl- NaHCQ, 20 minutes pyridinium hromide)-mono(N-hydroxy formimidoyl 1.2 parts bromide) l2 parts 16 Tetramethylene bis(oxalomonohydroximoyl) Na CQ 14 minutes dimcthylphenylammonium chloride) 1.7 parts 20 parts 17 4,4'-oxybis(phcnylglyoxylohydroximoyl) Triethylamine minutes quinolinium chloride) 0.73 part 22 parts I8 lsophthalc-bis(hydroximoyl l-ethylpiperidinium) Ni CO 3 minutes sulfate 0.6 part 18 parts 19 4,4'-his(phenylglyoxylohydroximoyl quinuclidinium Pyridine 4 minutes chloride) 0.54 part 23 pans 20 Terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl isoquinolinium Triethylamine 12 minutes nitrate) 0.73 part 20 parts Carbon 57.4%; H dro en 3.71%' Nitro en 14.9%.

y g g EXAMPLE 21 EXAMPLE 1 l A solution of 100.0 parts of Gelvatol l-30 [Monsanto, poly( vinyl alcohol) of M. W. 14,000, from 100% hydrolysis of poly(vinyl acetate)] in 1890.0 parts of dried dimethylformamide was prepared by refluxing under nitrogen. To this solution at 100105C. was added 8.9 parts of pyridine followed by the dropwise addition of a solution of 16.9 parts of 5-chlorocarboxynorbornene in 37.8 parts of dimethylformamide. The solution was cooled to C. and precipitated by pouring into 4752.0 parts of acetone. A clear gel was isolated by filtration, dried under vacuum at 40C. and reprecipitated by dissolving in 850 parts of hot water and EXAMPLE 22 To a solution of 20.0 parts of an allyl-modified hydroxyethylcellulose (allyl D5. 0.15, hydroxyethyl M.S. 2.67, M.W. 750,000) in 4000.0 parts of water 1 1 was added 0.1 part of terephthalo-bis( hydroximoyl pyridinium chloride) prepared as in Example 1 and 0.058 part of pyridine. Within five days at room temperature.

12 fluoride. The solution was heated at 90C. and gelled within 7 minutes.

the solution had formed a loose gel. EXAMPLE 27 2 5 Example 26 was repeated using 1.25 parts of sodium EXAMPLE 3 acetate in place of the sodium fluoride. On heating at A solution of 50.0 parts polyethylene glycol com- 90C., the solution gelled within 2 minutes. pound 20-M (Union Carbide, product of reaction of polyethylene glycol of M.W. 6000 with a diepoxide, EXAMPLE 28 product M.W. 15,000 20,000) and 0.25 part of p- Example 26 was repeated using 1.42 parts of aniline methoxyphenol in 659.3 parts of benzene was prepared in place of the sodium fluoride. On heating at 90C., by heating. One third of the solvent was removed by the solution gelled within 6 minutes. distillation before 1.2 parts of pyridine was added. A solution of 2.36 parts of 5-chlorocarboxynorbornenc in EXAMPLES 29-3] 44.0 parts of benzene was added dropwise. the solution To compare the stability of bis(hydroximoyl chlorefluxed 2 hours, and then allowed to stand 14 hours at rides) with their corresponding quaternary amidoxroom temperature. The solution was filtered before the imidinium salts in aqueous systems, the amounts of polymer was precipitated into 1449.8 parts of hexane. modifying agent shown in Table 11 were added to solu- The white solid was reprecipitated twice by dissolving tions of 100.0 parts of the polymer prepared as in Exin 439.5 parts of benzene and adding slowly to 1318.0 ample l l in 1000.0 parts of water. The clear solutions parts of hexane. The yield was 51.0 parts of a water-sol- (a suspension was used in Example 29 due to the low uble, white solid having 0.05% hydrogen uptake (thewater solubility of terephtha1obis(hydroximoyl chloory 0.06%). ride) were heated to 90C. and checked at intervals for To a solution of 100.0 parts of this polymer and 15.0 gelation. In Example 31, where the thermal stability parts of terephtha1o-bis(hydroximoyl pyridinium chlowas such that after the period indicated at 90C. no eviride) prepared as in Example 1 in 1000.0 parts of water dence of gelation was observed, 6.94 parts of pyridine was added 6.94 parts of pyridine and the yellow soluwas then added and the solution reheated to 90C. unitl tion heated at 90C. Within 2 minutes the solution gelation occurred. had become a stiff gel. 30 TABLE 1] EXAMPLE 24 THERMAL STABILITY OF MODIFYING AGENTS AT sxr'c. 1N

. WATER Nineteen parts of methanesulfomc acid silver salt was EL M dif i Age, Time Reqm-md f Ge'mion dissolved in a solution of 100.0 parts of polymer pre- 7 -9 hh-l-h.- 2. pared as in Example 1 l in 1000.0 parts of water. To fi,'f ,f owcmdb this was added 15.0 parts of terephthalo-bis(hydroxim- I 9 P oyl pyridinium chloride) prepared as in Example 1. The :':g' 38 m'mnes solution. which was milky due to precipitation of silver chloride) chloride, was heated two hours at 80C. and allowed to H terephthulo-his- 4 hours stand overnight without gelling. The addition of excess thydmximnfl pyridine gave a yellow color to the solution. On heating 40 lutidigwfl chlmide) at 80C., the solution gelled within 70 seconds.

EXAMPLE 25 Example 24 was repeated substituting 18.0 parts of EXAMPLE 32 35 trifluoroacetic acid silver salt for the methanesulfonic To illustrate the Ca I f f b acid silver salt. After 2 hours and 15 minutes at 80C., with the: nitril N y ac i m ractmg the solution had not gelled. Excess pyridine was added, Solutions confai :3 zg g th ls r to and the solution gelled within 90 seconds at 80C. m g Pd 5 o e P0 ymer pared as in Example 1 l in 1000.0 parts of water were EXAMPLE 25 added the amounts of modifying agent shown in Table To a solution of 15.0 parts of terephthalo-bis( hydroxfollowed P the amounts of pyndme mdlcated The yellow solutions were then heated at 90C. and imoyl pyridinium chloride) prepared as in Example 1 I I checked at Intervals for evidence of gelation. The data and 100.0 parts of polymer prepared as in Example 1 1 from earlier exa l d t m in 1000.0 parts of water was added 0.28 part of sodium mp came on m e same j are included in the table for the purposes of convenient reference.

TABLE 111 CATALYTIC EFFECT OF BASE ON OUATERNARY AMlDOXlMlDlNlUM SALTS T' R Parts Molar Ratio qilii e d fzr Example Modifying Agent Pyridine Modifying Agent: Pyridine:Polymer Gelation l2 terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl pyridinium 6.94 5.7:] 3:1 2 min t chloride) 15 parts 32 tcrephthaIo-bis( hydroximoyl pyridinium 1.27 5.732.4zl 2.5 minutes chloride) 15 parts 33 terephthalo-bis(hydroximoyl pyridinium 054 5.7: 1.011 6 minutes chloride) 15 parts 34 lerephtha|obis(hydroximoyl pyridinium 0.29 5.7:0.55:l 'l 1 minutes TABLE [ll-continued Time Re- Parts Molar Ratio quired for Example Modifying Agent Pyridine Modifying Agent: Pyridineilolymer Gelation chloride) parts 30 terephthalo-bis( hydroximoyl pyridinium None 5.7:O:l 38 minutes chloride) 15 parts l3 terephthalobiflhydroximoyl-2 6- 6.94 5.7: l 3:l 4 minutes lutidinium chloride) l7 pans 35 tercphthalo-bis(hydroximoylJ-Zf 0.29 5.7:(].55:l 60 minutes lutidinium chloride) l7 parts 3| terephthalo-his(hydroximoyl-2 6- None 5710:] 4 hours lutidinium chloride) l7 parts What i claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent l. A polyfunctional compound having the formula wherein R is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon, halide substituted hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon-oxy-hydrocarbon, hydrocarbonthio-hydrocarbon, and hydrocarbon-sulfony]-hydrocarbon radicals, said hydrocarbon radical being selected from the group consisting of alkylene radicals contain ing 2- l 8 carbon atoms, arylene radicals containing 1-2 rings. cycloalkylene radicals containing 4-8 carbon atoms, aryIene-dialkylene radicals containing 8-10 carbon atoms, alkylene-diarylene radicals containing icals containing 7-8 carbon atoms,

o 0 ll II b is zero or I, tert. organic amine is selected from the group consisting of quinuclidine, S-hydroxyquinuclidine and N-substituted pyrrolidines, piperidines and morpholines having a dissociation constant greater than 1 X 10' as determined at 25C., Z is chloride, bromide or iodide. n and m are 1 to 3, c and d are zero or I, with c being I when d is zero, and with d being i when 6 is zero, and X is the anion of an acid having a dissociation constant greater than 1.0 X l0 as determined at 25C., the number of X's being equal to the number of tert. organic amines when X is monovalent and being equal to one-half the number of tert. organic amines when X is divalent.

2. lsophthalo-bis( hydroximoyl l-ethylpiperidinium) sulfate.

3. 4,4'-Bis(phenylglyoxylohydroximoyl clidinium chloride).

quinu- UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 1 3,910,929 DATED October 7, 1975 tNVENTOR(S) David S. Breslow (Case 61-68) It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 5, line 36, 5% by weight should read 50% by weight In Table 1, Examples 16 and 17 in the column entitled "Modifying Agent" remove at the end of the first line of each.

[SEAL] A ttesr:

RUTH C. MASON C. MARSHALL DANN Arresting Officer Commissioner uj'Patenrs and Trademarks 

1. A POLUFUNCTIONAL COMPOUND HAVING THE FORMULA
 2. Isophthalo-bis(hydroximoyl 1-ethylpiperidinium) sulfate.
 3. 4,4''-Bis(phenylglyoxylohydroximoyl quinuclidinium chloride). 